At the Hour of Death reports on a four-year study involving fifty
thousand terminally ill patients observed just before death by one thousand
doctors and nurses in the United States. Its authors, Karlis Osis and Erlendur
Haraldsson, begin their report with these paragraphs.
“Our destiny at death is probably the most important area
of human experience into which we can inquire. According to the prevailing scientific
world view, the destiny is a harsh one. Textbooks tell us in no uncertain terms
that after the heart stops circulating blood, the brain is no longer nourished
and begins to decay rapidly—within a quarter of an hour or so. At that point,
the texts say, the patient’s personality is simply no more. It is irreparably
destroyed. The individual ceases to exist.
“For centuries, medical schools have inculcated this grim,
uncompromising concept into doctors and nurses—those who will be the ones to
help us when we die. But has this view of human nature really been so well established
as to allow of no doubt?
“Surprisingly, the experiences of the dying themselves
often contradict the accepted medical view. What insights do we get from the
dying? What do they experience? What do they ‘see’ at the end?
“Although most patients apparently drift into oblivion
without awareness of it, there are some, clearly conscious to the end, who say
they ‘see’ into the beyond and who are able to report their experiences before
expiring. They see apparitions of deceased relatives and friends. They see
religious and mythological figures. They see nonearthly environments characterized
by light, beauty, and intense color. These experiences are transformative. They
bring with them serenity, peace, elation, and religious emotions. The patients
die a ‘good death’ in strange contrast to the usual gloom and misery commonly
expected before expiration. Other deathbed patients, although they report no
visions, nevertheless undergo the same transformation, which sometimes includes
the cessation of pain.”
Osis and Haraldsson explain their research method. “First,
we collected massive amounts of data through three extensive surveys of
physicians and nurses who attended the dying. Second, our research was
transcultural, drawing upon American and Indian medical people. Third, our data
were collected carefully and systematically through modern sampling techniques,
including questionnaires, and probing interviews. Fourth, our data were
subjected to elaborate statistical, pattern, and content analysis through
computer evaluation.
“Although we applied scientific rigor to this research, we
did not neglect the experiential aspect of our inquiry. Death and dying is not
just an intellectual problem. Rather, it is something which should be
understood with the whole depth of our being. Therefore, we sought to examine
it objectively and subjectively. Wherever possible, we obtained the direct
words of the dying. This enables us to be in touch with what actually happened
in the hospital rooms.
“What we found is both surprising and hopeful. This book
will offer new evidence, based on observations by more than a thousand doctors and
nurses, bearing on the question of postmortem survival. To anticipate our
conclusions, we will state here that this evidence strongly suggests life after
death—more strongly than any alternative hypothesis can explain the data.
Neither medical, nor psychological, nor cultural conditioning can explain away
deathbed visions. Moreover, they are relatively independent of age, sex,
education, religion, and socioeconomic status. Taken in conjunction with other
evidence obtained by competent research into this question—to be examine
shortly—we feel that the total body of information makes possible a fact-based,
rational, and therefore realistic belief in life after death.”
The following case report illustrates “one of more than a
thousand cases of this sort” that Osis and Haraldsson collected:
A seventy-year old patient had seen here
deceased husband several times and then she predicted her own death. She said
that her husband had appeared in the window and motioned her to come out of the.
House. The reason for his visits was to have her join him. Her daughter and
other relatives were present when she predicted her death, laid out her burial
clothes, laid down in bed for a nap, and died about one hour later. She seemed
calm, resigned to death and, in fact, wanted to die. Before she saw her husband
she didn’t speak about imminent death. Her doctor was so surprised by her
sudden death, for which there were no sufficient medical reasons, that he
checked if she had poisoned herself. He found neither signs of poisoning nor any
such drugs in the house.
At the Hour of Death (Hastings House, 1997)
written by Karlis Osis and Erlendur Haraldsson reports on a four-year study
involving fifty thousand terminally ill patients observed just before death by
one thousand doctors and nurses in the United States and India.